Ankara: Trkiye has increasingly positioned itself as a mediator in African conflicts, leveraging its diplomatic expertise and growing influence on the continent. Following the launch of the Mediation for Peace Initiative (MPI) in 2010, a collaboration with Finland, Trkiye has undertaken various mediation efforts worldwide, notably its successful mediation between Russia and Ukraine in 2022. This led to the Black Sea Grain Initiative, which facilitated the safe export of Ukrainian grain amid ongoing conflict.
According to Anadolu Agency, Trkiye’s mediation efforts in Africa have included hosting three rounds of talks between Somalia and Somaliland from 2013 to 2014, resulting in the Ankara Communique. Although a lasting solution remains elusive, Trkiye’s involvement highlights its commitment to facilitating dialogue. In 2021, Trkiye offered to mediate between Egypt and Ethiopia over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), a source of tension between the two nations. The mediation process remains ongoing, with the Turkish Foreign Minister visiting both countries in 2024.
Trkiye’s mediation efforts also extended to the conflict in Ethiopia’s Tigray region and the border dispute between Ethiopia and Sudan in 2021. Despite the challenges, Trkiye’s role was welcomed by both Ethiopian and Sudanese authorities, underscoring its growing influence. Trkiye further facilitated three rounds of negotiations between Ethiopia and Somalia, culminating in the Ankara Declaration in December 2024, which secured Ethiopia’s access to the sea while respecting Somalia’s territorial integrity.
Mediation has become a cornerstone of Trkiye’s foreign policy, solidifying its role as a key regional and global actor. The MPI, co-led by Trkiye and Finland, has garnered international attention, emphasizing the importance of mediation in conflict prevention. Through its mediation efforts, Trkiye seeks to expand its influence in Africa by combining diplomatic engagement with strategic partnerships.
Third-party mediators, like Trkiye, play a crucial role in resolving complex conflicts, offering neutral platforms for dialogue and exerting pressure to reach agreements. Trkiye’s mediation offers in Africa have often been welcomed by conflicting parties or initiated at the request of regional actors. For instance, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s representatives formally requested Trkiye’s mediation in 2024, illustrating Trkiye’s credibility as a mediator.
Trkiye’s mediation efforts in Africa are expected to grow, reinforcing its position as a reliable and neutral actor in conflict resolution on the continent.